Emergency-governor.



F. W. BENTLEY.

EMERGENCY GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, 1909.

1,049,802. Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

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F'redWJ3entle5,

WW by a ttu UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED W. BENTLEY, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRICCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EMERGENCY-GOVERNOR.

Patented Jan. 7, 1913.

Application filed March 30, 1909. Serial No. 486,774.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED \V. BEfiITLEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Emergency-Governors, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to emergency governing devices for steam engines,turbines.

relatively simple and inexpensive construetion which is eflicient andcertain in operation, adaptable to different machines, readily" testedand balanced, and easily adjusted for the desired operating conditions,the adjustment being secure against disturbance by the ordinary handlingof the device.

In the accompanying drawing illustrating one of the embodiments of theinvention,

Figure 1 is a side view of the emergency governing device; Fig. 2 is asection on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1: Fig. 3 is a detail view on line 33 ofFig. 2; Fig. 4 is a detail view on the line 44 of Fig. 3; and Fig. 5 isa partial sectional view of a slight modification.

The governor is shown as applied to a rotating vertical shaft 6 but itis well adapted for use with horizontal or other shafts arranged at anangle to the vertical. It includes two integral flat annular rings 7. 8surrounding the shaft and preferably formed from sheet metal. The ringsare held in fixed relation to each other by blocks 9. 10 which arefastened to said rings by rivets 11 12. The governor is made to ro-'tate with the shaft 6 by a bolt 13 passing through said shaft and havingits ends or end members located-within the blocks 9, 10 but saidgovernor is movable longitudinally of the bolt un der certain conditionsto be described farther on. The end '14 of the bolt 13 is threaded torecfeive a nut that has a head 15 engagingthe block 10 and a sleeve-likeportion 16, the end of which bears against a counterbored"surface'17 onthe shaft 6. The nut-s 15, 16 and the, block are preferably made ofsteel. Topi'event any corrosion, that might occur between them if placedin direct contact, from opposing the free sliding movementof theblock onthe sleeve. a bushing 18 of non-corrosive metal is secured in theopening in the block that receives said sleeve. The nut 15, 16 draws theshoulder 19 on the bolt 13 against a counterbored surface 20 on theshaft 6 and thus secures the bolt; in fixed relation to the shaft. Acotter-pin 21 prevents the nut from unscrewing. The projecting end 22 ofthe bolt 13 beyond the shoulder 19 is threaded to recei e a nut having asleeve portion 23 and a flange 24. Mounted on the sleeve portion '23 isa sleeveor thimble 25 provided" with a flange 26 that engages the innerface'of the flange 21, The thimble 25 is also provided with a pin 27,the ends of the pin being secured in the walls of said thimblef The pin-:'27 passes through a slot 28 in the end 22 of the bolt and therebyprevents the thimble 25 from turning but permits it to be movedlongitudinally. The block 9 has a bore 29 in which are located the parts22, '23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 and also a compression spring 30 that isarranged between the flange'26 and the wall or abutment 31 tl1atclosesthe in ner end of the bore. The wall '31 is fur nished with a bushing32of non-corrosive metal arranged for sliding engagement with theunthreaded portion of" the end '22 the bolt 13. The tension ofithespring30 may be adjusted by turningthe nut 22-. 24' to move the thimble 25 inor permit it to move out. To facilitate the turning of the nut to adjustthe spring. the flange 2 L has two holes 33 to receive a suitablespanner wrench. To secure the-mutin adjusted'oosition. its flange isprovided; with'fa number of holes 34, say six for"exa1nple,'anyone ofwhich may receive a. screw 35 which screws into a registering tappedhole in the flange 26. The flange .26 is also provided with anothertapped hole 361into" which the. screw 35 may be screwed. This'h'ole 36is preferably located. midway. between .two of the holes 34 so that withsiiholes'in the flange 34 it is possible to turn the nut throughfractions of a turn as small as onetwelfth to adjust the spring 30, andthen secure the parts in their adjusted relation. Obvhmsly a finer orcoarser adjustment may be sin'iilarly obtained if desired.

\Vhen the shaft is rotating at normal speed the governor assumes theposition shown in Fig. 1. To prevent its tipplng too far from saidposition when the shaft is not rotating, the pins 37 are screwed intothe shaft adjacentone of the rings 7, 8. The ends of the bolt 13 andtheir attached parts may be conveniently balanced with respect to thecentrifugal forces due to their rotation by varying the mass of the head15 of the nut, thus promoting steadiness of operation of the shaft whichmay be running at very high speeds. The combined mass of the rings 7, 8and blocks 9, 10, is not symmetrically distributed with respect to theaxis of the shaft when held in the position shown in Fig. 2 by theaction of the spring 30, The lack of symmetry is due to the mass of theblock 9 being greater than that of the block 10 although the centers ofsaid masses are at substantially the same distance from the axis ofshaft, Fig. 2. Owing to this distribution or arrangement of said mass,the actuating member comprising the rings 7, 8 and blocks 9, 10 tendsunder centrifugal. action to move in the direction of the arrow 2 whenthe shaft 6 is rotated. The spring 30 located between the flange 26 andthe wall 31 opposes this movement. As the speed increases,thecentrifugal force of the unbalanced mass tending to move the actuatingmember increases, and atsome predetermined speed, say ten per cent.above normal, said force overcomes the opposing force of the spring andmoves the actuating memher along the bolt 13 in the direction of thearrow 2 until the bushing 18 strikes against the surface 17. Theperiphery of the rings 7, 8 which is normally concentric with the shaft6 then assumes an eccentric position and strikes against the arm ortrigger 38 to actuate certain regulating mechanism which shuts off thesupply of motive energy to the prime mover or motor that is driving theshaft 6, and thereby prevents further in crease of speed. and consequentdamage to, the apparatus. The speed at which the emergencygoverningdevice becomes opera, tive may be changed by varying thestrength ofthe spring 30 or the distribution of the mass of theactuating member or by adjusting said spring, by means of the nut 23,24.

In Fig. 5, a modification is shown in which a hollow shaft or anannular-member -39-attached to a shaft is used in place of the solidshaft 6. A stud 40 is substituted for the end 22 of the bolt 13 and asuitable bolt may be used in place of the 'other end of-thei bolt 13. Ifit is desired to decrease to a crtain extentthe excess of speedwhichwillcause a governor having a spring 30 of given tension or strength tobecome operative by changing the distribution of the mass of theactuating member, this may readily be done by varying the mass of theblock 9 by placing a removable ring 41 on the hub or boss 42 of saidblock. The thickness and hence the mass of this ring may be easilyvaried to secure operation at the desired speeds.

It is customary to adjust these governing devices on a testing standwhere any desired speeds are readily ol tained and the action 35 andturning the nut 23, 24 and there is no occasion for disturbing theseparts during the transfer,

The arm 38 is mounted on the upper end A of a short shaft 44 mounted ina bracket 45 securedto some fixed part of theapparatus adjacent therings 7 8. The lower end of the shaft 44 carries an arm 46 which may beregarded as one arm of a bell-crank lever,

"the arm 38 forming the other member of the lever. The arm 46 isconnected bya link 47 with a latch 48 pivoted at 49 on the bracket 45. Aspring 50 is arranged between the heel of the latch 48 beyond the pivot49 and a point 51 on the link 47 adjacent the arm 46. This spring tendsto hold the arm 38 in the position shown in Fig. 2, and to hold thelatch 48 in engagement with an arm 52 pivoted at one end on a pin 53 ina lug on the bracket 45. To the lower end of the arm 52 is pivoted alink or rod 54 which leads to any suitable mechanism for shutting offthe supply of motive energy to the prime mover or motor which drivesshaft 6 and whose speed is to be controlled by the governing device.This link is normally under tension and tends to move in the directionof the arrow 55 but it is held from such movement by the latch 48., Theengaging faces of the latch 48 and the arm 52 are provided with hardenedsteel pieces 56, 57. The .pivot'49 of the latch 48 is at ranged in linewith the engaging face of the piece 56 so that there is'no tendency forthe pull on the latch to turn itabQutitS- pivot and accidentally releasethe ,parts.

When the arm 38 is turned about the axis.

of the shaft'44 by-the rings 7, 8 striking against it, the-latch.48 isdrawn away from 4 the'arm'52 bythe arm 46 and link .47. As

soon asthe arnr-52 isLreleased from tlte latch 48, said arm is drawnoutward by the rod 54 and moves over the inclined or cam surface 58 ofthe steel piece .36. This engagement of the arm 52 with the face 58causes the latch 48 to turn about the pivot l9 and by means of the link-47 and arm 46 to draw the arm 38 farther away from the governor andthereby prevent the rings 7. 8 from pounding it during the continuedrotation of the shaft as the machine slows down after the governingdevice has acted to shut off the supply of motive energy. 'hen the speedfalls off as just described, the centrifugal force acting on the ringsand blocks decreases and at some point this force will be overcome bythe spring 30 which will return said parts to the position shown in Fig.2. l1en used with turbo-generators feeding a common line, it is oftenimportant that the actuating member be returned to normal positionbefore the speed hasfallen very much below normal so that] the generatorcan be promptly put in servjceagain. The ring 4;]. also affords aconvenient. means for varying the speed at which the actuating member isso returned. Said ring increases the force that is opposed by the spring30, and to cause the governor to act at the same excess of speed asbefore, it is necessary to increase the force exerted by said spring byscrewing up its adjusting nut. TlllS increased force however also actsto return the go ernor to its normal position, thereby making itpossible to reset the control mechanism, at a less speed below normal.During the resetting of the control mechanism, the rod 54 is forced backto the position shown in Fig. 3 carrying the arm 52 with it and thespring 50 throws the latch 48into engagement with said arm, at the sametime returning the arm 38 to normal position.

The bracket 45 may be located at any convenient point about' the shaftand the rod 54 may be swung about its pivot. to lead in any desireddirection. Thus it is possible to arrange the parts to operate motiveenergy control mechanism in any desired location without changing their,structure except perhaps the length of the rod 54, which latter is avery simple change. By the use of three springs of different strengthand the removable ring, it has been found possible to adapt thisgovernor to the range of speeds required for a complete commercial lineof turbo-generators. I

In accordance with the provisions of the patentstatutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;but

I desire to havevit understood that the apparatus shown ispnly'illustrative, and that the Invent on canfbedarr ed out by other means.

What I claim 'as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is,-

1. In an emergency governing device, the combination of a rotatableshaft, members projecting radially from the shaft at opposite ends ofthe 'same diameter, blocks having different masses that are mounted forsliding movement on said members, two: an-

nular rings arranged in planes substantially perpendicular to the axisof the sliaft and mounted on opposite faces of the'blochs,

said rings being normally concentricwith l the shaft, a nut on one ofthe proje'fcti1 i' t members that has an abutment, an abut-j ment on theblock that is mounted on the same, member, and a. spring arrangedbetween the two abutments that opposes the sliding movement of theblocks and rings on said members.

2. In an emergency governing device. the combination of a rotatableshaft, an actuab ing member comprising two integral flat nular ringsnormally disposed in concentric relation to the shaft, two blocks havingdifferent masses that are arranged between xhe" rings in diametricallyopposite relationto each other, and'means for securing the rings to theblocks, members projecting from the shaft into said blocks upon whichthe acmating member is mounted so as to rotie with the shaft and to bemovable transversely thereof, a spring arranged in one of the blceksaround one of the projecting memb rs and bearing at one end against anabutment on said block, an adjusting nut. on the end of said memberagainst which the other end of the spring presses. means or looking thenutagainst turning, and ulating mechanism controlled by the actu-tingmember.

3. In' an emergency governing defice, the combination of a rotatableshaft. an actuating member comprising two at, ular rings normallydisposed in cone-a1- t-ric relation to the shaft and two blocks havingdifferent masses arranged betwtcn the rings and secured thereto indianntti cally opposite relation to each other. to 121- bers projectingfrom the shaft into .-:.Zd blocks on which the actuating membc. ismounted'so as to rotate with the shaft md to be movable transverselythereof, a spring arranged in one of the blocks around one of theprojecting members and'bearing at one end against an abutment on theblockjan adjusting nut. on the end of said member against which theother end of the spring presses, there being a cylindrical hub on' saidblock, a removable ring mounted on the hub, and regulating mechanismcontrolled by the actuating member.

4. In an emergency governing device. the combination of a rotatableshaft, a rowshaped actuating member provided with a chamber a boltsecured o the shaft and having an end-portion projecting into thechamber, said end having a slot therein, a nut on the outer end of thebolt provided with a flange and a sleeve portion, a thimble mounted onthe sleeve portion and having a flange in engagement with the flange onthe nut, a pin mountedin the thimble beyond the end of the nut andengaging the slot to prevent said thimble from turning, a springarranged between the inner wall of the chamber and the flange on thethimble which opposes the movement of the actuating member, and meansfor locking the nut against turning including a screw which secures thetwo flanges together.

5. In an emergency governing device, the combination of a rotatableshaft, 2. bolt or stud passing transversely through the shaft andprovided with a shoulder adjacent one end, a nut on the other end-of thestud that has a head and a sleeve portion, the latter engaging the shaftand securing the bolt in the shaft by drawing said shoulder against theopposite side of said shaft, a block mounted for sliding movement on thesleeve portion of the nut, a second block havin a greater mass which ismounted for sliding movement on the rojecting portion of the stud beyondthe s oulder, two parallel annular rings mounted on opposite faces ofthe blocks and surrounding the shaft, a nut on the end of the projectingportion ofthe stud, an abutment on the second block, a spring arrangedbetween the nut and the abutment which opposes the movement of saidrings and blocks along the stud, and means for locking the nut againstturning.

6. In an emergency governing device, the combination of a rotatableshaft, an actuating member mounted thereon, a bracket mounted adjacentthe member, a bell-crank lever pivoted on the bracket with the outer endof one of its arms adjacent said member, an arm pivoted on the bracketwith its pivot arranged in transverse relation to the pivot of thebell-crank, a rod leading from the arm to the regulating mechanism thatis normally under tension, a latch which engages the arm and normallyholds the rod from moving, alink connecting the second arm of thebell-crank with the latch, and a spring which tends to keep the latch 1nengagement with the arm.

7. In an emergency governing device, the combination of a rotatableshaft, an actuating member, means carried by the shaft on which saidmember i mounted to rotate with the shaft and to be movable transverselythereof, a bracket mgunted ad acent said member, a bell-crank pivoted'onthe bracket with the outer end of one of its arms adjacent said member,an arm pivoted on the bracket with its pivot arranged in transverserelationto the pivot of the beltcrank, a rod leading from the arm to theregulatev 'ing mechanism which is normally under tension, a latch whichengages the arm and ,normally holds the rod from moving but is releasedfrom said engagement by the actuating member under certain conditions, alink connecting the second arm of the bellcrank lever with the latch,there being a cam surface on the latch that is engaged by said pivotedarm when released from the latch to move the end of the bell-crank armout of the path of said actuating member, and a spring which tends tokeep the latch in engagement with the arm. I

8. In an emergency governing device, the combination with a rotatableshaft, an actuating member mounted thereon, a bracket mounted adjacentthe 'periphery of the member, a bell-crank lever pivoted on the bracketwith the outer end of one of its arms ad acent said member, the axis ofits pivot being parallel to the axis of the shaft,

parallel to the pivot at the other end of said arm, a latch pivoted onthe bracket which engages the arm and normally holds the rod frommoving, a link connecting the second arm of the bell-crank lever withthe latch, and a spring which tends to keep the latch in'engagement withthe arm.

9. In an emergency governing device, the combination of a rotatableshaft, an actuating member mounted thereon, a bracket mounted adjacentthe periphery of the member, a bell-crank lever pivoted on the bracketwith the outerend of one of its arms adjacent the member, the axis ofits pivot being parallel to the axis of its shaft, an arm pivoted-' atone end on the bracket and extending parallel to the shaft with the axisof its. pivot in a lane at right angles to .the axis. of the shaft, arod leading from the other end of the arm to the regulating mechanism,said rod being normally under tension, a pivotal connection between therod and the end of the arm which is parallel to the pivot at the otherend of said arm, a latch which engages the arm intermediate its ends andholds the rod from moving, a pivot for the latch which is parallel tothe bell-crank pivot, a link connecting the second arm of the bell-cranklever with the latch at a point intermediate the pivot and the outer endof said latch, and a spring connected at one endto the latch at a pointon the opposite side of the pivot from the point of connection to thelink, the other end of the spring being attached to the link adjacentthe secv'ond arm of the bell-crank lever.

I 10, In an emergency governing device, the

combination of a rotatable shaft, a bolt or stud passing' diametricallythrough the shait and provided with a shoulder adjacent one end, a nuton the other end of the stud that secures the bolt in the shaft bydrawing said shoulder against the shaft, a block .mounted for slidinginovement on the nut,

a second block mounted for sliding movement on the projecting portion ofthe stud beyond the shoulder, said blocks having different masses, twoannular rings mounted on the opposite faces of the blocks andsurrounding the shaft, said rings being normally concentric with theshaft, an abutment on the projecting portion of the stud, 15 an abutmenton the secondvblock, and a spring arranged between the two abutmentswhich opposes the movement of said rings and blocks along the stud.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set 20 my hand this 27th day ofMarch, 1909.

FRED W. BENTLEY.

'Witnesses BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN OBFORD.

